Debates around interdisciplinary research took place in 2014 in different places with different protagonists. Their controversies enriched the prospective reflection engaged by the Natures Sciences Sociétés journal and the NSS-Dialogues association. In particular, thirty researchers from the social and information sciences gathered in Rochebrune to discuss interdisciplinarity during one week in January 2014 under the “complex system” label. What are the links between disciplines and the targets of these multiple viewpoint constructions ? How can we enhance the differences between the disciplines’ languages and methodologies ? What conditions models have to respect for integrating heterogeneous knowledge ? The Rochebrune meeting provided an opportunity to compare different approaches in interdisciplinary research on complex systems : co-construction of a shared ontology, shared conceptual framework, shared model, data science... Using complex systems modeling seems promising, but the neutrality of the modelers is still in discussion. To promote innovation through interdisciplinary research, should we rather tend towards one shared viewpoint, or is it possible to take into account several perceptions to enrich our vision of the world ?